The book will cover a balanced mixture of theory and practice including new methods and developments of intelligent decision support systems applications in Society and Policy Support, including general methodologies, case studies, on-going R&D projects, and practical applications related to AI, Soft computing techniques, Computational Intelligence, web intelligence, data mining, knowledge mobilization, and business intelligence in general and to traffic insurance, transportations, natural disaster, risk analysis, safety, pension systems, human resource, sensory evaluation, Safeguards, security, situation awareness, counter-terrorisms, public option, emergency responses, and emerging topics of interest in particular. This edited book reports recent research results and provide a state-of-the-art on intelligent decision support systems applications, lessons learned and future research directions. The main objective of this book is to gather a peer-reviewed collection of high quality contributions in the relevant topic areas. The focus will be especially on those papers that provide theoretical/analytical solutions to the problems of real interest in intelligent decision support systems for society and police support in practice. Academic and applied researchers and research students working on decision support systems can also benefit from this book. Major contributions of this book are highly related to the well-established international FLINS series conferences on applied artificial intelligence (1994-2006) on this topic and some current ongoing research projects at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) in Mol, Belgium.